Liquid nitrogen is an ultra-cold, colorless cryogenic liquid obtained by the fractional distillation of atmospheric air, boiling at −196°C (−320°F). It is widely used in scientific, industrial, and laboratory settings due to its powerful cooling capabilities, inert nature, and ability to rapidly freeze biological or chemical samples. Its non-flammable and non-toxic properties make it safe for controlled use across diverse applications, from materials testing to electronics manufacturing.

Liquid argon is a colorless, odorless, non-flammable cryogenic liquid obtained through the fractional distillation of atmospheric air. It boils at −186°C and is primarily used in its liquid form for its excellent inert properties. As a noble gas, it is chemically stable and ideal for applications where reactivity must be avoided—such as in shielding gases for welding, controlled atmospheres, and high-purity environments.

Liquid carbon dioxide (LCO₂) is a colorless, non-flammable cryogenic liquid formed by pressurizing and cooling gaseous CO₂ below its critical temperature of 31°C at high pressure. It exists in liquid form only under high pressure or low temperature and is widely used across industries due to its versatility, efficiency, and environmental compatibility. It can be easily stored, transported, and converted into gas, dry ice, or supercritical CO₂ depending on the application.

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is natural gas—primarily methane (CH₄)—that has been cooled to approximately -162°C (-260°F) to transform it into a liquid state, reducing its volume by about 600 times compared to its gaseous form. This liquefaction process makes it efficient for storage and long-distance transportation, especially to locations not connected to natural gas pipelines. LNG is colorless, non-corrosive, non-toxic, and burns more cleanly than other fossil fuels, producing lower emissions of carbon dioxide, sulfur, and particulates.

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a clean-burning, portable fuel consisting mainly of propane (C₃H₈) and butane (C₄H₁₀), stored as a liquid under moderate pressure. It is derived from natural gas processing and petroleum refining. LPG is colorless, odorless in its natural state (though odorants are added for safety), and vaporizes easily when released from its container. Its high energy content, efficient combustion, and versatility make it an essential fuel in domestic, commercial, and industrial sectors.

Pure propane (C₃H₈) is a highly efficient, clean-burning hydrocarbon gas derived from natural gas processing and crude oil refining. It is stored as a liquid under moderate pressure and vaporizes easily at atmospheric pressure. Propane is colorless and odorless in its natural state (an odorant is typically added for safety), and provides high energy content per unit volume, making it ideal for applications that require consistent and portable fuel.

Pure propane (C₃H₈) is a highly efficient, clean-burning hydrocarbon gas derived from natural gas processing and crude oil refining. It is stored as a liquid under moderate pressure and vaporizes easily at atmospheric pressure. Propane is colorless and odorless in its natural state (an odorant is typically added for safety), and provides high energy content per unit volume, making it ideal for applications that require consistent and portable fuel.